Opinion of Advocate General Richard de la Tour delivered on 12 May 2021.

Core Citations

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• Opinion of Advocate General Richard de la Tour delivered on 12 May 2021.

This document cites

• Convenio Europeo para la Protección de los Derechos Humanos y de las Libertades Fundamentales
• K. v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie.
• Mohammed Bilali v Bundesamt für Fremdenwesen und Asyl.
• M and Others v Commissaire général aux réfugiés et aux apatrides.
• H. T. v Land Baden-Württemberg.



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• SM v Entry Clearance Officer, UK Visa Section.
• A and S v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie.
• N. S. (C-411/10) v Secretary of State for the Home Department and M. E. and Others (C-493/10) v Refugee Applications Commissioner and Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform.
• Mohamed M’Bodj v État belge.
• Bundesrepublik Deutschland v Y and Z.
• Rhimou Chakroun v Minister van Buitenlandse Zaken.
• Shajin Ahmed v Bevándorlási és Menekültügyi Hivatal.
• Nigyar Rauf Kaza Ahmedbekova and Rauf Emin Ogla Ahmedbekov v Zamestnik-predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite.
• H.N. v Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform and Others.
• Nigyar Rauf Kaza Ahmedbekova and Rauf Emin Ogla Ahmedbekov v Zamestnik-predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite.
• Bundesrepublik Deutschland v B (C-57/09) and D (C-101/09).
• Council Directive 2003/86/EC of 22 September 2003 on the right to family reunification
• Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union
• Council Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004 on minimum standards for the qualification and status of third country nationals or stateless persons as refugees or as persons who otherwise need international protection and the content of the protection granted
• Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union 2016/C 202/01
• Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted
• Commission Directive 2011/9/EU of 1 February 2011 amending Council Directive 91/414/EEC to include dodine as active substance and amending Decision 2008/934/EC Text with EEA relevance
• B. M. M. e.a. contre État belge.
• Convention relating to the Status of Refugees
• Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees
• EZ v Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
• European Commission v Hungary.
• Secretary of State for the Home Department v O A.
• Convention on the Rights of the Child
• TANDA-MUZINGA v. FRANCE
• AFFAIRE MUGENZI c. FRANCE
• NEULINGER AND SHURUK v. SWITZERLAND
• judgment of 13 January 2021
• arrêt du 14 janvier 2021